groff_char (7)


NAME

groff_char - groff glyph names

DESCRIPTION

This manual page lists the standard groff glyph names and the default input mapping, latin1. The glyphs in this document look different depending on which output device was chosen (with option -T for the man(1) program or the roff formatter). Glyphs not available for the device that is being used to print or view this manual page are marked with `(N/A)'.

In the actual version, groff provides only 8-bit characters for direct input and named entities for further glyphs. On ASCII platforms, input character codes in the range 0 to 127 (decimal) represent the usual 7-bit ASCII characters, while codes between 127 and 255 are interpreted as the corresponding characters in the latin1 (ISO-8859-1) code set by default. This mapping is contained in the file latin1.tmac and can be changed by loading a different input encoding. Note that some of the input characters are reserved by groff, either for internal use or for special input purposes. On EBCDIC platforms, only code page cp1047 is supported (which contains the same characters as latin1; the input encoding file is called cp1047.tmac). Again, some input characters are reserved for internal and special purposes.

All roff systems provide the concept of named glyphs. In traditional roff systems, only names of length 2 were used, while groff also provides support for longer names. It is strongly suggested that only named glyphs are used for all character representations outside of the printable 7-bit ASCII range.

Some of the predefined groff escape sequences (with names of length 1) also produce single glyphs; these exist for historical reasons or are printable versions of syntactical characters. They include `\\', `\'', `\`', `\-', `\.', and `\e'; see groff(7).

In groff, all of these different types of characters and glyphs can be tested positively with the `.if c' conditional.

REFERENCE

In this section, the glyphs in groff are specified in tabular form. The meaning of the columns is as follows.
Output
shows how the glyph is printed for the current device; although this can have quite a different shape on other devices, it always represents the same glyph.
Input
specifies how the glyph is input either directly by a key on the keyboard, or by a groff escape sequence.
Code
applies to glyphs which can be input with a single character, and gives the ISO latin1 decimal code of that input character. Note that this code is equivalent to the lowest 256 Unicode characters, including 7-bit ASCII in the range 0 to 127.
PostScript
gives the usual PostScript name of the glyph.
Unicode
is the glyph name used in composite glyph names.

7-bit Character Codes 32-126

These are the basic glyphs having 7-bit ASCII code values assigned. They are identical to the printable characters of the character standards ISO-8859-1 (latin1) and Unicode (range Basic Latin). The glyph names used in composite glyph names are `u0020' up to `u007E'.

Note that input characters in the range 0-31 and character 127 are not printable characters. Most of them are invalid input characters for groff anyway, and the valid ones have special meaning. For EBCDIC, the printable characters are in the range 66-255.

48-57
Decimal digits 0 to 9 (print as themselves).
65-90
Upper case letters A-Z (print as themselves).
97-122
Lower case letters a-z (print as themselves).

Most of the remaining characters not in the just described ranges print as themselves; the only exceptions are the following characters:

`
the ISO latin1 `Grave Accent' (code 96) prints as `, a left single quotation mark; the original character can be obtained with `\`'.
'
the ISO latin1 `Apostrophe' (code 39) prints as ', a right single quotation mark; the original character can be obtained with `\(aq'.
-
the ISO latin1 `Hyphen, Minus Sign' (code 45) prints as a hyphen; a minus sign can be obtained with `\-'.
~
the ISO latin1 `Tilde' (code 126) is reduced in size to be usable as a diacritic; a larger glyph can be obtained with `\(ti'.
^
the ISO latin1 `Circumflex Accent' (code 94) is reduced in size to be usable as a diacritic; a larger glyph can be obtained with `\(ha'.

OutputInputCodePostScriptUnicodeNotes

333333exclamu0021
343434quotedblu0022
353535numbersignu0023
363636dollaru0024
373737percentu0025
383838ampersandu0026
393939quoterightu0027
404040parenleftu0028
414141parenrightu0029
424242asterisku002A
434343plusu002B
444444commau002C
454545hyphenu2010
464646periodu002E
474747slashu002F
585858colonu003A
595959semicolonu003B
606060lessu003C
616161equalu003D
626262greateru003E
636363questionu003F
646464atu0040
919191bracketleftu005B
929292backslashu005C
939393bracketrightu005D
949494circumflexu005Ecircumflex accent
959595underscoreu005F
969696quoteleftu0060
2323123braceleftu007B
2424124baru007C
2525125bracerightu007D
2626126tildeu007Etilde accent

8-bit Character Codes 160 to 255

They are interpreted as printable characters according to the latin1 (ISO-8859-1) code set, being identical to the Unicode range Latin-1 Supplement.

Input characters in range 128-159 (on non-EBCDIC hosts) are not printable characters.

160
the ISO latin1 no-break space is mapped to `\~', the stretchable space character.
173
the soft hyphen control character. groff never uses this character for output (thus it is omitted in the table below); the input character 173 is mapped onto `\%'.

The remaining ranges (161-172, 174-255) are printable characters that print as themselves. Although they can be specified directly with the keyboard on systems with a latin1 code page, it is better to use their glyph names; see next section.

OutputInputCodePostScriptUnicodeNotes

6161161exclamdownu00A1inverted exclamation mark
6262162centu00A2
6363163sterlingu00A3
6464164currencyu00A4
6565165yenu00A5
6666166brokenbaru00A6
6767167sectionu00A7
6868168dieresisu00A8
6969169copyrightu00A9
7070170ordfeminineu00AA
7171171guillemotleftu00AB
7272172logicalnotu00AC
7474174registeredu00AE
7575175macronu00AF
7676176degreeu00B0
7777177plusminusu00B1
7878178twosuperioru00B2
7979179threesuperioru00B3
8080180acuteu00B4acute accent
8181181muu00B5micro sign
8282182paragraphu00B6
8383183periodcenteredu00B7
8484184cedillau00B8
8585185onesuperioru00B9
8686186ordmasculineu00BA
8787187guillemotrightu00BB
8888188onequarteru00BC
8989189onehalfu00BD
9090190threequartersu00BE
9191191questiondownu00BF
9292192Agraveu0041_0300
9393193Aacuteu0041_0301
9494194Acircumflexu0041_0302
9595195Atildeu0041_0303
9696196Adieresisu0041_0308
9797197Aringu0041_030A
9898198AEu00C6
9999199Ccedillau0043_0327
0000200Egraveu0045_0300
0101201Eacuteu0045_0301
0202202Ecircumflexu0045_0302
0303203Edieresisu0045_0308
0404204Igraveu0049_0300
0505205Iacuteu0049_0301
0606206Icircumflexu0049_0302
0707207Idieresisu0049_0308
0808208Ethu00D0
0909209Ntildeu004E_0303
1010210Ograveu004F_0300
1111211Oacuteu004F_0301
1212212Ocircumflexu004F_0302
1313213Otildeu004F_0303
1414214Odieresisu004F_0308
1515215multiplyu00D7
1616216Oslashu00D8
1717217Ugraveu0055_0300
1818218Uacuteu0055_0301
1919219Ucircumflexu0055_0302
2020220Udieresisu0055_0308
2121221Yacuteu0059_0301
2222222Thornu00DE
2323223germandblsu00DF
2424224agraveu0061_0300
2525225aacuteu0061_0301
2626226acircumflexu0061_0302
2727227atildeu0061_0303
2828228adieresisu0061_0308
2929229aringu0061_030A
3030230aeu00E6
3131231ccedillau0063_0327
3232232egraveu0065_0300
3333233eacuteu0065_0301
3434234ecircumflexu0065_0302
3535235edieresisu0065_0308
3636236igraveu0069_0300
3737237iacuteu0069_0301
3838238icircumflexu0069_0302
3939239idieresisu0069_0308
4040240ethu00F0
4141241ntildeu006E_0303
4242242ograveu006F_0300
4343243oacuteu006F_0301
4444244ocircumflexu006F_0302
4545245otildeu006F_0303
4646246odieresisu006F_0308
4747247divideu00F7
4848248oslashu00F8
4949249ugraveu0075_0300
5050250uacuteu0075_0301
5151251ucircumflexu0075_0302
5252252udieresisu0075_0308
5353253yacuteu0079_0301
5454254thornu00FE
5555255ydieresisu0079_0308

Named Glyphs

Glyph names can be embedded into the document text by using escape sequences. groff(7) describes how these escape sequences look. Glyph names can consist of quite arbitrary characters from the ASCII or latin1 code set, not only alphanumeric characters. Here some examples:
\(ch
A glyph having the 2-character name ch.
\[,char_name/]
A glyph having the name char_name (having length 1, 2, 3, ...). Note that `c' is not the same as `\[,c/]' (,c a single character): The latter is internally mapped to glyph name `\c'. By default, groff defines a single glyph name starting with a backslash, namely `\-', which can be either accessed as `\-' or `\[-]'.
\[,base_glyph composite_1 composite_2 .../]
A composite glyph; see below for a more detailed description.

In groff, each 8-bit input character can also referred to by the construct `\[char,n/]' where n is the decimal code of the character, a number between 0 and 255 without leading zeros (those entities are not glyph names). They are normally mapped onto glyphs using the .trin request. Another special convention is the handling of glyphs with names directly derived from a Unicode code point; this is discussed below. Moreover, new glyph names can be created by the .char request; see groff(7).

In the following, a plus sign in the `Notes' column indicates that this particular glyph name appears in the PS version of the original troff documentation, CSTR 54.

Entries marked with `***' denote glyphs for mathematical purposes (mainly used for DVI output). Normally, such glyphs have metrics which make them unusable in normal text.

OutputInputPostScriptUnicodeNotes

Ð\[-D]Ethu00D0uppercase eth
ð\[Sd]ethu00F0lowercase eth
Þ\[TP]Thornu00DEuppercase thorn
þ\[Tp]thornu00FElowercase thorn
ß\[ss]germandblsu00DFGerman sharp s

Ligatures and Other Latin Glyphs

OutputInputPostScriptUnicodeNotes

ff\[ff]ffu0066_0066ff ligature +
fi\[fi]fiu0066_0069fi ligature +
fl\[fl]flu0066_006Cfl ligature +
ffi\[Fi]ffiu0066_0066_0069ffi ligature +
ffl\[Fl]fflu0066_0066_006Cffl ligature +
Ł\[/L]Lslashu0141(Polish)
ł\[/l]lslashu0142(Polish)
Ø\[/O]Oslashu00D8(Scandinavian)
ø\[/o]oslashu00F8(Scandinavian)
Æ\[AE]AEu00C6
æ\[ae]aeu00E6
Œ\[OE]OEu0152
œ\[oe]oeu0153
IJ\[IJ]IJu0132(Dutch)
ij\[ij]iju0133(Dutch)
ı\[.i]dotlessiu0131(Turkish)
.j\[.j]dotlessju0237j without a dot

Accented Characters

OutputInputPostScriptUnicodeNotes

Á\['A]Aacuteu0041_0301
'C\['C]Cacuteu0043_0301
É\['E]Eacuteu0045_0301
Í\['I]Iacuteu0049_0301
Ó\['O]Oacuteu004F_0301
Ú\['U]Uacuteu0055_0301
Ý\['Y]Yacuteu0059_0301
á\['a]aacuteu0061_0301
'c\['c]cacuteu0063_0301
é\['e]eacuteu0065_0301
í\['i]iacuteu0069_0301
ó\['o]oacuteu006F_0301
ú\['u]uacuteu0075_0301
ý\['y]yacuteu0079_0301
Ä\[:A]Adieresisu0041_0308A with umlaut
Ë\[:E]Edieresisu0045_0308
Ï\[:I]Idieresisu0049_0308
Ö\[:O]Odieresisu004F_0308
Ü\[:U]Udieresisu0055_0308
:Y\[:Y]Ydieresisu0059_0308
ä\[:a]adieresisu0061_0308
ë\[:e]edieresisu0065_0308
ï\[:i]idieresisu0069_0308
ö\[:o]odieresisu006F_0308
ü\[:u]udieresisu0075_0308
ÿ\[:y]ydieresisu0079_0308
Â\[^A]Acircumflexu0041_0302
Ê\[^E]Ecircumflexu0045_0302
Î\[^I]Icircumflexu0049_0302
Ô\[^O]Ocircumflexu004F_0302
Û\[^U]Ucircumflexu0055_0302
â\[^a]acircumflexu0061_0302
ê\[^e]ecircumflexu0065_0302
î\[^i]icircumflexu0069_0302
ô\[^o]ocircumflexu006F_0302
û\[^u]ucircumflexu0075_0302
À\[`A]Agraveu0041_0300
È\[`E]Egraveu0045_0300
Ì\[`I]Igraveu0049_0300
Ò\[`O]Ograveu004F_0300
Ù\[`U]Ugraveu0055_0300
à\[`a]agraveu0061_0300
è\[`e]egraveu0065_0300
ì\[`i]igraveu0069_0300
ò\[`o]ograveu006F_0300
ù\[`u]ugraveu0075_0300
Ã\[~A]Atildeu0041_0303
Ñ\[~N]Ntildeu004E_0303
Õ\[~O]Otildeu004F_0303
ã\[~a]atildeu0061_0303
ñ\[~n]ntildeu006E_0303
õ\[~o]otildeu006F_0303
vS\[vS]Scaronu0053_030C
vs\[vs]scaronu0073_030C
vZ\[vZ]Zcaronu005A_030C
vz\[vz]zcaronu007A_030C
Ç\[,C]Ccedillau0043_0327
ç\[,c]ccedillau0063_0327
Å\[oA]Aringu0041_030A
å\[oa]aringu0061_030A

Accents

The composite request is used to map most of the accents to non-spacing glyph names; the values given in parentheses are the original (spacing) ones.

OutputInputPostScriptUnicodeNotes

a"\[a"]hungarumlautu030B (u02DD)(Hungarian)
a-\[a-]macronu0304 (u00AF)
a.\[a.]dotaccentu0307 (u02D9)
a^\[a^]circumfleu0302 (u005E)
´\[aa]acuteu0301 (u00B4)+
`\[ga]graveu0300 (u0060)+
ab\[ab]breveu0306 (u02D8)
ac\[ac]cedillau0327 (u00B8)
ad\[ad]dieresisu0308 (u00A8)umlaut
ah\[ah]caronu030C (u02C7)
ao\[ao]ringu030A (u02DA)circle
~\[a~]tildeu0303 (u007E)
ho\[ho]ogoneku0328 (u02DB)hook
ha\[ha]asciicircumu005E(spacing)
~\[ti]asciitildeu007E(spacing)

Quotes

OutputInputPostScriptUnicodeNotes

Bq\[Bq]quotedblbaseu201Elow double comma quote
bq\[bq]quotesinglbaseu201Alow single comma quote
"\[lq]quotedblleftu201C
"\[rq]quotedblrightu201D
'\[oq]quoteleftu2018single open quote
'\[cq]quoterightu2019single closing quote
'\[aq]quotesingleu0027apostrophe quote (ASCII 39)
"\[dq]quotedblu0022double quote (ASCII 34)
«\[Fo]guillemotleftu00AB
»\[Fc]guillemotrightu00BB
\[fo]guilsinglleftu2039
\[fc]guilsinglrightu203A

Punctuation

OutputInputPostScriptUnicode Notes

¡\[r!]exclamdownu00A1
¿\[r?]questiondownu00BF
---\[em]emdashu2014+
-\[en]endashu2013
-\[hy]hyphenu2010+

Brackets

The extensible bracket pieces are font-invariant glyphs. In classical troff only one glyph was available to vertically extend brackets, braces, and parentheses: `bv'. We map it rather arbitrarily to u23AA.

Note that not all devices contain extensible bracket pieces which can be piled up with `\b' due to the restrictions of the escape's piling algorithm. A general solution to build brackets out of pieces is the following macro:

.\" Make a pile centered vertically 0.5em .\" above the baseline. .\" The first argument is placed at the top. .\" The pile is returned in string `pile' .eo .de pile-make . nr pile-wd 0 . nr pile-ht 0 . ds pile-args . . nr pile-# \n[.$] . while \n[pile-#] \{\ . nr pile-wd (\n[pile-wd] >? \w'\$[\n[pile-#]]') . nr pile-ht +(\n[rst] - \n[rsb]) . as pile-args \v'\n[rsb]u'\" . as pile-args \Z'\$[\n[pile-#]]'\" . as pile-args \v'-\n[rst]u'\" . nr pile-# -1 . \} . . ds pile \v'(-0.5m + (\n[pile-ht]u / 2u))'\" . as pile \*[pile-args]\" . as pile \v'((\n[pile-ht]u / 2u) + 0.5m)'\" . as pile \h'\n[pile-wd]u'\" .. .ec

Another complication is the fact that some glyphs which represent bracket pieces in original troff can be used for other mathematical symbols also, for example `lf' and `rf' which provide the `floor' operator. Other devices (most notably for DVI output) don't unify such glyphs. For this reason, the four glyphs `lf', `rf', `lc', and `rc' are not unified with similarly looking bracket pieces. In groff, only glyphs with long names are guaranteed to pile up correctly for all devices (provided those glyphs exist).

OutputInputPostScriptUnicodeNotes

[\[lB]bracketleftu005B
]\[rB]bracketrightu005D
{\[lC]braceleftu007B
}\[rC]bracerightu007D
<\[la]angleleftu27E8left angle bracket
>\[ra]anglerightu27E9right angle bracket

|\[bv]braceexu23AAvertical extension *** +
ex\[braceex]braceexu23AA

tp\[bracketlefttp]bracketlefttpu23A1
bt\[bracketleftbt]bracketleftbtu23A3
ex\[bracketleftex]bracketleftexu23A2
tp\[bracketrighttp]bracketrighttpu23A4
bt\[bracketrightbt]bracketrightbtu23A6
ex\[bracketrightex]bracketrightexu23A5

lt\[lt]bracelefttpu23A7+
tp\[bracelefttp]bracelefttpu23A7
{\[lk]braceleftmidu23A8+
id\[braceleftmid]braceleftmidu23A8
[\[lb]braceleftbtu23A9+
bt\[braceleftbt]braceleftbtu23A9
ex\[braceleftex]braceleftexu23AA
rt\[rt]bracerighttpu23AB+
tp\[bracerighttp]bracerighttpu23AB
}\[rk]bracerightmidu23AC+
id\[bracerightmid]bracerightmidu23AC
rb\[rb]bracerightbtu23AD+
bt\[bracerightbt]bracerightbtu23AD
ex\[bracerightex]bracerightexu23AA
tp\[parenlefttp]parenlefttpu239B
bt\[parenleftbt]parenleftbtu239D
ex\[parenleftex]parenleftexu239C
tp\[parenrighttp]parenrighttpu239E
bt\[parenrightbt]parenrightbtu23A0
ex\[parenrightex]parenrightexu239F

Arrows

OutputInputPostScriptUnicodeNotes

\[<-]arrowleftu2190+
\[->]arrowrightu2192+
\[<>]arrowbothu2194(horizontal)
\[da]arrowdownu2193+
\[ua]arrowupu2191+
va\[va]arrowupdnu2195
\[lA]arrowdblleftu21D0
\[rA]arrowdblrightu21D2
\[hA]arrowdblbothu21D4(horizontal)
\[dA]arrowdbldownu21D3
\[uA]arrowdblupu21D1
vA\[vA]uni21D5u21D5vertical double-headed double arrow
an\[an]arrowhorizexu23AFhorizontal arrow extension

Lines

The font-invariant glyphs `br', `ul', and `rn' form corners; they can be used to build boxes. Note that both the PostScript and the Unicode-derived names of these three glyphs are just rough approximations.

`rn' also serves in classical troff as the horizontal extension of the square root sign.

`ru' is a font-invariant glyph, namely a rule of length 0.5m.

OutputInputPostScriptUnicodeNotes

|\[ba]baru007C
|\[br]SF110000u2502box rule +
_\[ul]underscoreu005F+
¯\[rn]overlineu203E+
_\[ru]------baseline rule +
|\[bb]brokenbaru00A6
/\[sl]slashu002F+
\\[rs]backslashu005Creverse solidus

Use `\[radicalex]', not `\[overline]', for continuation of square root.

Text markers

OutputInputPostScriptUnicodeNotes

\[ci]circleu25CB+
\[bu]bulletu2022+
=\[dd]daggerdblu2021double dagger sign +
-\[dg]daggeru2020+
\[lz]lozengeu25CA
\[sq]uni25A1u25A1white square +
\[ps]paragraphu00B6
§\[sc]sectionu00A7+
\[lh]uni261Cu261Chand pointing left +
\[rh]a14u261Ehand pointing right +
@\[at]atu0040
#\[sh]numbersignu0023
\[CR]carriagereturnu21B5
OK\[OK]a19u2713check mark, tick

Legal Symbols

OutputInputPostScriptUnicodeNotes

©\[co]copyrightu00A9+
®\[rg]registeredu00AE+
\[tm]trademarku2122
bs\[bs]------AT&T Bell Labs logo +

The Bell Labs logo is not supported in groff.

Currency symbols

OutputInputPostScriptUnicodeNotes

$\[Do]dollaru0024
¢\[ct]centu00A2+
\[eu]---u20ACofficial Euro symbol
\[Eu]Eurou20ACfont-specific Euro glyph variant
¥\[Ye]yenu00A5
£\[Po]sterlingu00A3British currency sign
¤\[Cs]currencyu00A4Scandinavian currency sign
Fn\[Fn]florinu0192Dutch currency sign

Units

OutputInputPostScriptUnicodeNotes

°\[de]degreeu00B0+
\[%0]perthousandu2030per thousand, per mille sign
´\[fm]minuteu2032footmark, prime +
sd\[sd]secondu2033
µ\[mc]muu00B5micro sign
Of\[Of]ordfeminineu00AA
Om\[Om]ordmasculineu00BA

Logical Symbols

OutputInputPostScriptUnicodeNotes

AN\[AN]logicalandu2227
OR\[OR]logicaloru2228
¬\[no]logicalnotu00AC+
no\[tno]logicalnotu00ACtext variant of `no'
te\[te]existentialu2203there exists
fa\[fa]universalu2200for all
st\[st]suchthatu220B
3d\[3d]thereforeu2234
\[tf]thereforeu2234
|\[or]baru007Cbitwise OR operator (as used in C) +

Mathematical Symbols

OutputInputPostScriptUnicodeNotes

½\[12]onehalfu00BD+
¼\[14]onequarteru00BC+
¾\[34]threequartersu00BE+
18\[18]oneeighthu215B
38\[38]threeeighthsu215C
58\[58]fiveeighthsu215D
78\[78]seveneighthsu215E
¹\[S1]onesuperioru00B9
²\[S2]twosuperioru00B2
³\[S3]threesuperioru00B3

+\[pl]plusu002Bplus in special font +
-\[mi]minusu2212minus in special font +
-+\[-+]uni2213u2213
±\[+-]plusminusu00B1+
+-\[t+-]plusminusu00B1text variant of `+-'
pc\[pc]periodcenteredu00B7
md\[md]dotmathu22C5multiplication dot
×\[mu]multiplyu00D7+
mu\[tmu]multiplyu00D7text variant of `mu'
\[c*]circlemultiplyu2297multiply sign in a circle
\[c+]circleplusu2295plus in a circle
÷\[di]divideu00F7division +
di\[tdi]divideu00F7text variant of `di'
\[f/]fractionu2044bar for fractions
*\[**]asteriskmathu2217+

\[<=]lessequalu2264+
\[>=]greaterequalu2265+
<<\[<<]uni226Au226Amuch less
>>\[>>]uni226Bu226Bmuch greater
=\[eq]equalu003Dequals in special font +
\[!=]notequalu003D_0338+
\[==]equivalenceu2261+
ne\[ne]uni2262u2261_0338
\[=~]congruentu2245approx. equal
|=\[|=]uni2243u2243asymptot. equal to +
\[ap]similaru223C+
~~\[~~]approxequalu2248almost equal to
~=\[~=]approxequalu2248
pt\[pt]proportionalu221D+

Ø\[es]emptysetu2205+
mo\[mo]elementu2208+
nm\[nm]notelementu2208_0338
sb\[sb]propersubsetu2282+
nb\[nb]notsubsetu2282_0338
sp\[sp]propersupersetu2283+
nc\[nc]uni2285u2283_0338not superset
ib\[ib]reflexsubsetu2286+
ip\[ip]reflexsupersetu2287+
ca\[ca]intersectionu2229intersection, cap +
cu\[cu]unionu222Aunion, cup +

/_\[/_]angleu2220
pp\[pp]perpendicularu22A5
Integral\[is]integralu222B+
al\[integral]integralu222B***
um\[sum]summationu2211***
ct\[product]productu220F***
ct\[coproduct]uni2210u2210***
gr\[gr]gradientu2207+
sr\[sr]radicalu221Asquare root +
rt\[sqrt]radicalu221A***
ex\[radicalex]radicalex---square root continuation
ex\[sqrtex]radicalex---***

\[lc]uni2308u2308left ceiling +
¯|\[rc]uni2309u2309right ceiling +
|_\[lf]uni230Au230Aleft floor +
_|\[rf]uni230Bu230Bright floor +

\[if]infinityu221E+
&alepfsym;\[Ah]alephu2135
Im\[Im]Ifrakturu2111Gothic I, imaginary
Re\[Re]Rfrakturu211CGothic R, real
wp\[wp]weierstrassu2118Weierstrass p
d\[pd]partialdiffu2202partial differentiation +
-h\[-h]uni210Fu210FPlanck constant / 2pi
ar\[hbar]uni210Fu210F

Greek glyphs

These glyphs are intended for technical use, not for real Greek; normally, the uppercase letters have upright shape, and the lowercase ones are slanted. There is a problem with the mapping of letter phi to Unicode. Prior to Unicode version 3.0, the difference between U+03C6, GREEK SMALL LETTER PHI, and U+03D5, GREEK PHI SYMBOL, was not clearly described; only the glyph shapes in the Unicode book could be used as a reference. Starting with Unicode 3.0, the reference glyphs have been exchanged and described verbally also: In mathematical context, U+03D5 is the stroked variant and U+03C6 the curly glyph. Unfortunately, most font vendors didn't update their fonts to this (incompatible) change in Unicode. At the time of this writing (January 2006), it is not clear yet whether the Adobe Glyph Names `phi' and `phi1' also change its meaning if used for mathematics, thus compatibility problems are likely to happen - being conservative, groff currently assumes that `phi' in a PostScript symbol font is the stroked version.

In groff, symbol `\[*f]' always denotes the stroked version of phi, and `\[+f]' the curly variant.

OutputInputPostScriptUnicodeNotes

Α\[*A]Alphau0391+
Β\[*B]Betau0392+
Γ\[*G]Gammau0393+
Δ\[*D]Deltau0394+
Ε\[*E]Epsilonu0395+
Ζ\[*Z]Zetau0396+
Η\[*Y]Etau0397+
Θ\[*H]Thetau0398+
Ι\[*I]Iotau0399+
Κ\[*K]Kappau039A+
Λ\[*L]Lambdau039B+
Μ\[*M]Muu039C+
Ν\[*N]Nuu039D+
Ξ\[*C]Xiu039E+
Ο\[*O]Omicronu039F+
Π\[*P]Piu03A0+
Ρ\[*R]Rhou03A1+
Σ\[*S]Sigmau03A3+
Τ\[*T]Tauu03A4+
Υ\[*U]Upsilonu03A5+
Φ\[*F]Phiu03A6+
Χ\[*X]Chiu03A7+
Ψ\[*Q]Psiu03A8+
Ω\[*W]Omegau03A9+
α\[*a]alphau03B1+
β\[*b]betau03B2+
γ\[*g]gammau03B3+
δ\[*d]deltau03B4+
ε\[*e]epsilonu03B5+
ζ\[*z]zetau03B6+
η\[*y]etau03B7+
θ\[*h]thetau03B8+
ι\[*i]iotau03B9+
κ\[*k]kappau03BA+
λ\[*l]lambdau03BB+
μ\[*m]muu03BC+
ν\[*n]nuu03BD+
ξ\[*c]xiu03BE+
ο\[*o]omicronu03BF+
π\[*p]piu03C0+
ρ\[*r]rhou03C1+
s\[ts]sigma1u03C2terminal sigma +
σ\[*s]sigmau03C3+
τ\[*t]tauu03C4+
υ\[*u]upsilonu03C5+
φ\[*f]phiu03D5(stroked glyph) +
χ\[*x]chiu03C7+
ψ\[*q]psiu03C8+
ω\[*w]omegau03C9+
+h\[+h]theta1u03D1variant theta
+f\[+f]phi1u03C6variant phi (curly shape)
+p\[+p]omega1u03D6variant pi, looking like omega
+e\[+e]uni03F5u03F5variant epsilon

Card symbols

OutputInputPostScriptUnicodeNotes

CL\[CL]clubu2663black club suit
SP\[SP]spadeu2660black spade suit
HE\[HE]heartu2665black heart suit
61\[u2661]uni2661u2661white heart suit
DI\[DI]diamondu2666black diamond suit
62\[u2662]uni2662u2662white diamond suit

AUTHOR

Copyright © 1989-2004, 2006-2009, 2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

This document is distributed under the terms of the FDL (GNU Free Documentation License) version 1.3 or later. You should have received a copy of the FDL on your system, it is also available on-line at the GNU copyleft site

This document is part of groff, the GNU roff distribution. It was written by James Clark with additions by Werner Lemberg and Bernd Warken

SEE ALSO

groff(1)
the GNU roff formatter
groff(7)
a short reference of the groff formatting language

An extension to the troff character set for Europe, E.G. Keizer, K.J. Simonsen, J. Akkerhuis; EUUG Newsletter, Volume 9, No. 2, Summer 1989

The Unicode Standard